Therapeutic oral vitamin K antagonists (VKA) acenocoumarol, coumadin, coumarin, phenprocoumon, warfarin and the like. See also under the rodenticide/pesticides brodifacoum, diphacinone, diphenadione. See also under other anticoagulants heparin, thrombolytic agents, platelet glycoprotein aggregation inhibitors (anti-GPIIB/IIIA) (abciximab, ticlopidine, clopidogrel, eptifibatide) and direct (new) anti-IIa or anti-Xa oral anticoagulans (apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban). Patients with pulmonary hypertension who receive oral anticoagulants are also at risk of hemorrhage in the chest and/or other organs. Drug abusers may surreptitiously take warfarin to prevent femoral vein thrombosis. Abused drugs and the smoke of certain cigarettes may contain coumarin or warfarin, causing coagulopathy (PMID 11547737, 17583404, 24275169). Antidotes and reversal agents: PMID 24275169, 26872887.

Last update : 24/03/2020
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
IV - Airway involvement
V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
VII - Mediastinal involvement
VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
XI - Miscellaneous
XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XXIV - Veterinary medicine