X.f

Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)

An absolute emergency. Anaphylaxis and  anaphylactoid reactions (Review at PMID 28800865). Drug-induced anaphylaxis can be fatal (PMID 25280385). Drugs (NSAIDs, antibiotics, RCM) are foremost as a cause of anaphylaxis (PMID: 25553259). Expression is more severe and treatment more difficult in patients who were receiving beta-blockers prior to the episode (PMID 6114116, 6146275). Angioedema, bronchospasm, shock common. Consider i.m. epinephrine and liberal fluid administration quickly. See also under shock (XIIn ) and PMID 17378256 & 22467837. Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions usually develop unexpectedly. Can be severe and/or prolonged. Fatal in about 2%. Clinically, anaphylaxis is a systemic reaction with flushing, cramping, shock, laryngeal edema, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, empty vena cava syndrome, and/or the locked lung. Can lead to death within minutes from angioedema, bronchospasm, cardiac arrest and/or pulmonary edema (PMID: 16916722, 22467837, 28611774). Rechallenge with the drug for diagnostic purposes must be avoided. See also under IVb, VIIIa and b and X. Guidelines at PMID 15753926. Reviews, epidemiologic surveys at PMID 10823122, 12733472, 15073989, 16916722, 1789822,19217731, 19901808, 22987983, 22467837, 23741979, 24881890, 25538414, 29950872. Operative anaphylaxis is a severe form of anaphylaxis: PMID 19143700, 24251246, 22467837. All drugs that cause anaphylaxis may not be listed here. Guidelines, see also under PMID 24909803 and http://publications.nice.org.uk/anaphylaxis-assessment-to-confirm-an-anaphylactic-episode-and-the-decision-to-refer-after-emergency-cg134/introductionA series of DI anaphylaxis with >1000 cases has been published in 2017 (PMID 29086147).

Last update : 01/01/1970
 

Causative drugs

226

Marijuana, cannabis (haschish, hash, bang, dab)

I.a I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)
I.j I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.j - Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (subacute, acute)
I.n I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.n - Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP)
I.t I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.t - Pneumoconiosis (silicosis, talcosis...)
I.an I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.an - Hypersensitivity pneumonitis pattern
I.ao I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.ao - Pulmonary infiltrates
II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury
III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
III.c III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.c - Hemoptysis
IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone)
V.f V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.f - Pneumothorax
V.ab V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.ab - Pneumothorax, bilateral
VII.h VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.h - Pneumomediastinum
VIII.w VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.w - Uvulitis, uvular edema
IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis)
X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
X.ac X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ac - Anti-GBM antibody disease (Goodpasture-like or flare of preexisting GS)
XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent
XI.m XI - Miscellaneous
XI.m - Pulmonary emphysema - Lung cysts or bullae
XI.s XI - Miscellaneous
XI.s - Sniffing death - Death from inhalation of compound
XI.av XI - Miscellaneous
XI.av - Deterioration of graft function in SOT recipients
XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XII.d XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.d - Myocarditis (can be fulminant)
XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction
XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)
XII.s XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.s - Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)
XII.w XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.w - Asystole
XII.af XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.af - Coronary vasospasm - Vasospastic angina
XII.ap XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ap - Coronary artery dissection
XIII.a XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.a - Lung cancer
XV.k XV - Pathology
XV.k - Path: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP-pattern)
XV.n XV - Pathology
XV.n - Path: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis pattern (PAP pattern)
XV.p XV - Pathology
XV.p - Path: Exogenous lipoid pneumonia
XV.q XV - Pathology
XV.q - Path: Foreign body deposits/granulomatous reaction
XV.s XV - Pathology
XV.s - Path: Pneumoconiosis (silicosis, talcosis, talcoma)
XV.v XV - Pathology
XV.v - Path: Micronodular organizing pneumonia/BOOP
XVI.ai XVI - Imaging
XVI.ai - Imaging: A 'tree-in-bud' pattern
XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia
XVII.c XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.c - Aspergillosis, pulmonary (invasive, allergic [ABPA], or mycetoma)
XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo
2

Methotrexate

I.a I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD)
I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis
I.h I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.h - Subclinical pulmonary infiltrates/ILD
I.k I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.k - Lung nodule or nodules
I.l I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf)
I.m I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.m - ILD with a granulomatous component
I.q I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.q - Pulmonary nodulosis
I.v I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.v - Abnormal lung function/pulmonary physiology (PFTs) without necessarily imaging or clinical evidence
I.w I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.w - Rapidly progressive ILD/pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich syndrome)
I.aa I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.aa - Delayed ILD, -pneumonitis, -fibrosis
II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury
III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone)
V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (May commpany ILDs)
V.b V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.b - Eosinophilic pleural effusion
V.e V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.e - Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
V.i V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.i - Pleuritis (can cause chest pain)
V.n V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.n - Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion
V.s V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.s - Serositis - Polyserositis
VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism
VII.a VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.a - Lymphadenopathy (intrathoracic)
VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
VIII.aj VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.aj - Endobronchial lymphoproliferative disorder
X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic)
X.u X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.u - Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF)
XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent
XI.c XI - Miscellaneous
XI.c - Pleuritic chest pain
XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XIII.b XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.b - Lymphoproliferative disease (pulmonary, endobronchial, endothoracic)
XIII.g XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.g - Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (pulmonary, endothoracic)
XIII.k XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.k - Lymphoproliferative disease (extrathoracic)
XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib)
XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id)
XV.e XV - Pathology
XV.e - Path: ILD with a granulomatous component (see also Im)
XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL)
XV.h XV - Pathology
XV.h - Path: NSIP-fibrotic pattern
XV.i XV - Pathology
XV.i - Path: Pneumocyte atypia (reactive epithelial cells) (a.k.a. the "Napoleon Hat" sign)
XV.w XV - Pathology
XV.w - Path: Pulmonary edema (see also II/IIa)
XV.bq XV - Pathology
XV.bq - Path: Lymphoproliferative disease, endothoracic
XVI.b XVI - Imaging
XVI.b - Imaging: Ground-glass opacities (GGO) / shadowing
XVI.k XVI - Imaging
XVI.k - Imaging: An area or areas of consolidation
XVI.w XVI - Imaging
XVI.w - Imaging: Lung nodule or nodules
XVI.bc XVI - Imaging
XVI.bc - Imaging: Intrathoracic lymph node enlargement
XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections
XVII.d XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.d - Pneumocystis jiroveci pulmonary colonization
XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
XVII.h XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.h - Nontuberculous pulmonary mycobacterial infection/superinfection
XVII.q XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.q - Viral pneumonia
XIX.a XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.a - BAL: An excess proportion of lymphocytes
XIX.b XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.b - BAL: An excess proportion of neutrophils
XIX.c XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.c - BAL: An excess proportion of eosinophils
3

Minocycline

I.a I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD)
I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)
I.k I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.k - Lung nodule or nodules
I.l I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf)
I.aj I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.aj - Shrinking lung syndrome
II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury
IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone)
V.d V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.d - Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus)
V.m V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.m - Pleuropericarditis - Pleuropericardial effusion (ANA unknown or negative)
VII.a VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.a - Lymphadenopathy (intrathoracic)
X.a X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.a - DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction
X.b X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.b - Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome
X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd)
X.e X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.e - Autoimmunity-Autoimmune conditions (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs)
X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
X.m X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.m - Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative)
X.o X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.o - Neutrophilic dermatosis (Pyoderma, Sweet syndrome)
X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive
X.v X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.v - Systemic eosinophilic syndrome w/wo vasculitis (see also Xa)
X.aj X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.aj - Polyarteritis nodosa-like condition
XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent
XI.c XI - Miscellaneous
XI.c - Pleuritic chest pain
XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XII.d XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.d - Myocarditis (can be fulminant)
XII.as XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.as - Giant cell myocarditis
XV.b XV - Pathology
XV.b - Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic)
XV.d XV - Pathology
XV.d - Path: Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP-pattern) (see also If)
XV.ac XV - Pathology
XV.ac - Path: Pulmonary vasculitis other than capillaritis
XV.ad XV - Pathology
XV.ad - Path: Eosinophilic vasculitis
XV.af XV - Pathology
XV.af - Path: Granulomatous pulmonary vasculitis
XV.cj XV - Pathology
XV.cj - Path: Brownish macrophages in airspaces (airways - alveoli)
XVI.e XVI - Imaging
XVI.e - Imaging: Pulmonary opacities with a subpleural distribution
XIX.b XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.b - BAL: An excess proportion of neutrophils
XIX.c XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.c - BAL: An excess proportion of eosinophils
1