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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website

Philippe Camus, M.D.

Dijon, France

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Nitrites - Nitrates (oral - inhaled ('Poppers'))

3

XIV.a Methemoglobinemia

2
Last update : 21/10/2012
 
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
More detailed checklist
See also under
Amyl-nitrite, butyl-nitrite, isobutyl-nitrite ('Poppers')
4
Nitric oxide (NO)
4
Nitroglycerin
1

Publications

Rare cases of nitrite poisoning by accidental ingestion: Clinical and medico-legal aspects.
Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2025 Mar;73;102573 2025 Mar
Poppers-Induced Methemoglobinemia: A Curious Case of the Blues.
Cureus 2021 May 27;13;e15276 2021 May 27
Sodium nitrite food poisoning in one family.
Forensic science, medicine, and pathology 2019 Mar;15;102-105 2019 Mar
Nitrate Poisoning due to Ingestion of Cabbages ( var. L.) (Brassicaceae) in Kitui County, Kenya.
TheScientificWorldJournal 2019;2019;8716518 2019
Successful treatment of methemoglobinemia in an elderly couple with severe cyanosis: two case reports.
Journal of medical case reports 2012 Sep 11;6;290 2012 Sep 11
Incidence of methemoglobinemia in patients receiving cerium nitrate and silver sulfadiazine for the treatment of burn wounds: a burn center's experience.
Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society 2011;19;201-4 2011
Methemoglobinemia by cerium nitrate poisoning.
Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2006 Dec;32;1060-1 2006 Dec
Methemoglobinemia following unintentional ingestion of sodium nitrite--New York, 2002.
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report 2002 Jul 26;51;639-42 2002 Jul 26
A case of fatal methemoglobinemia of unknown origin but presumably due to ingestion of nitrate.
International journal of legal medicine 2000;113;164-7 2000
Infantile methemoglobinemia caused by carrot juice.
The New England journal of medicine 1973 Apr 19;288;824-6 1973 Apr 19
Nitrate methemoglobinemia.
The New England journal of medicine 1949 Apr 14;240;599-602 1949 Apr 14

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