IV.a
Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
(Fr: bronchospasme, asthme). Including bronchospasm, bronchoconstriction, de novo subacute asthma, asthma attack and deterioration or exacerbation of preexisting/underlying asthma. Can be sudden and very severe, causing asphyxia followed by irreversible hypoxic brain damage (see also under IVf). NSAIDs, ß-blockers and antibiotics are the main causal agents. Patients with a background of atopy or asthma are particularly at risk. In a few individuals, the asthma may persist despite cessation of exposure (PMID 45308). Healthcare workers can be involved when handling drugs (PMID 3612323). Workers in the drug-manufacturing (e.g. antibiotics) industry can develop bronchospasm or asthma as a manifestation of drug-induced occupational disease (PMID 16436155, 21603168, 30075340)
Causative drugs
213
Risperidone
I.c
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VIII.e VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.e - Laryngospasm (a.k.a. laryngismus) IX.b IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.b - Respiratory dyskinesia IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis) XV.b XV - Pathology
XV.b - Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic) XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.h XV - Pathology
XV.h - Path: NSIP-fibrotic pattern
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VIII.e VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.e - Laryngospasm (a.k.a. laryngismus) IX.b IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.b - Respiratory dyskinesia IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis) XV.b XV - Pathology
XV.b - Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic) XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.h XV - Pathology
XV.h - Path: NSIP-fibrotic pattern
1
Rituximab
I.a
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.l I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf) I.v I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.v - Abnormal lung function/pulmonary physiology (PFTs) without necessarily imaging or clinical evidence II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.i II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.i - Flash (fulminate) pulmonary edema III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.c III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.c - Hemoptysis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.c IV - Airway involvement
IV.c - Obliterative bronchiolitis (a pattern consistent with) (see also IVn, XVx) IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) IV.j IV - Airway involvement
IV.j - Bronchiolitis (a clinical-imaging pattern suggestive of) IV.k IV - Airway involvement
IV.k - Bronchiectasis VII.g VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.g - Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma VIII.x VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.x - Opportunistic large airway infection (bacterial, fungal, viral) IX.t IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.t - CNS involvement/dysfunction/damage IX.ab IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.ab - Guillain-Barré (or GB-like) syndrome (w/wo ARF) X.b X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.b - Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic) X.n X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.n - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive X.ao X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ao - Flare of preexisting vasculitis XI.n XI - Miscellaneous
XI.n - Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis) XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic) XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.j XV - Pathology
XV.j - Path: Pulmonary fibrosis (UIP-pattern) XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo XVII.m XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.m - Fungal airway infection XVII.q XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.q - Viral pneumonia XVII.w XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.w - Hypogammaglobulinemia - Antibody deficiency XIX.a XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.a - BAL: An excess proportion of lymphocytes XXI.c XXI - Rechallenge data
XXI.c - Tolerance can be induced successfully starting with minute dosage of the drug
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.l I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf) I.v I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.v - Abnormal lung function/pulmonary physiology (PFTs) without necessarily imaging or clinical evidence II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.i II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.i - Flash (fulminate) pulmonary edema III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.c III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.c - Hemoptysis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.c IV - Airway involvement
IV.c - Obliterative bronchiolitis (a pattern consistent with) (see also IVn, XVx) IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) IV.j IV - Airway involvement
IV.j - Bronchiolitis (a clinical-imaging pattern suggestive of) IV.k IV - Airway involvement
IV.k - Bronchiectasis VII.g VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.g - Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma VIII.x VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.x - Opportunistic large airway infection (bacterial, fungal, viral) IX.t IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.t - CNS involvement/dysfunction/damage IX.ab IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.ab - Guillain-Barré (or GB-like) syndrome (w/wo ARF) X.b X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.b - Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic) X.n X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.n - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive X.ao X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ao - Flare of preexisting vasculitis XI.n XI - Miscellaneous
XI.n - Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis) XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic) XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.j XV - Pathology
XV.j - Path: Pulmonary fibrosis (UIP-pattern) XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo XVII.m XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.m - Fungal airway infection XVII.q XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.q - Viral pneumonia XVII.w XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.w - Hypogammaglobulinemia - Antibody deficiency XIX.a XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.a - BAL: An excess proportion of lymphocytes XXI.c XXI - Rechallenge data
XXI.c - Tolerance can be induced successfully starting with minute dosage of the drug
1
Rofecoxib
II.a
II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
1
Salbutamol - Albuterol
II.a
II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma XI.d XI - Miscellaneous
XI.d - Metabolic acidosis (incl. lactic acidosis/-gap). May cause hyperpnea/dyspnea XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma XI.d XI - Miscellaneous
XI.d - Metabolic acidosis (incl. lactic acidosis/-gap). May cause hyperpnea/dyspnea XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy
2
Sildenafil
III.a
III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.c III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.c - Hemoptysis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (May commpany ILDs) VIII.f VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.f - Central airway instability - Tracheomalacia XII.m XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.m - Cardiac- cardiorespiratory/pulmonary arrest
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.c III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.c - Hemoptysis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (May commpany ILDs) VIII.f VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.f - Central airway instability - Tracheomalacia XII.m XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.m - Cardiac- cardiorespiratory/pulmonary arrest
1
Sofosbuvir
I.a
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension IX.h IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.h - Dyspnea, unexplained otherwise X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XVII.f XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.f - Tuberculosis, miliary
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension IX.h IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.h - Dyspnea, unexplained otherwise X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XVII.f XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.f - Tuberculosis, miliary
1
Sorafenib
I.a
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.f V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.f - Pneumothorax X.n X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.n - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XVI.ab XVI - Imaging
XVI.ab - Imaging: Cavitating/cavitary lung nodule, mass or nodules (see also Iq, XIs, XIIi, XVIaa and XVIIp) XVI.bf XVI - Imaging
XVI.bf - Imaging: Tumoral cavitation XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.f V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.f - Pneumothorax X.n X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.n - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XVI.ab XVI - Imaging
XVI.ab - Imaging: Cavitating/cavitary lung nodule, mass or nodules (see also Iq, XIs, XIIi, XVIaa and XVIIp) XVI.bf XVI - Imaging
XVI.bf - Imaging: Tumoral cavitation XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo
1
Sotalol
I.d
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.u I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.u - Relapsing or migrating pneumonitis/pneumonia (see also Id) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.u I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.u - Relapsing or migrating pneumonitis/pneumonia (see also Id) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
1
Soybean
IV.a
IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
1
Streptokinase
II.b
II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.c III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.c - Hemoptysis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) VII.g VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.g - Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma VIII.b VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.b - Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.c III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.c - Hemoptysis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) VII.g VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.g - Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma VIII.b VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.b - Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
1
Sugammadex
II.g
II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.g - Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) VIII.e VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.e - Laryngospasm (a.k.a. laryngismus) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
II.g - Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) VIII.e VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.e - Laryngospasm (a.k.a. laryngismus) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
1
1
TNF-alpha antagonists / inhibitors
I.a
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.m I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.m - ILD with a granulomatous component I.q I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.q - Pulmonary nodulosis I.w I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.w - Rapidly progressive ILD/pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich syndrome) I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.d III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.d - Alveolar hemorrhage, diffuse (ANCA-positive/-related) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (May commpany ILDs) V.d V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.d - Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus) IX.q IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.q - Obstructive sleep apnea IX.t IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.t - CNS involvement/dysfunction/damage X.b X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.b - Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd) X.e X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.e - Autoimmunity-Autoimmune conditions (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.j X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.j - Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis (see also under Xba) X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic) X.m X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.m - Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative) X.p X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.p - Serum sickness-like reaction X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive X.x X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.x - Subclinical ANCA positivity X.ae X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ae - Antisynthetase antibodies (ASA) - ASA syndrome XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XV.ba XV - Pathology
XV.ba - Path: Granulomatous lymphadenopathy XV.cs XV - Pathology
XV.cs - Path: Pleural granulomas XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.d XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.d - Pneumocystis jiroveci pulmonary colonization XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.f XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.f - Tuberculosis, miliary XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo XVII.h XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.h - Nontuberculous pulmonary mycobacterial infection/superinfection XVII.m XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.m - Fungal airway infection XVII.n XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.n - Legionella pneumophila pneumonia XVII.q XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.q - Viral pneumonia XVII.r XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.r - Fungal infection (pulmonary/extrapulmonary) XVII.v XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.v - Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection (w/wo DAH) XVII.y XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.y - Cryptococcus pulmonary and/or systemic infection XVII.z XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.z - Histoplamosis (reactivation) XVII.ab XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.ab - Protozoan infection (incl. leishmaniasis) XVII.ak XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.ak - Mycobacterium leprae infection (Leprosy)
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.m I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.m - ILD with a granulomatous component I.q I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.q - Pulmonary nodulosis I.w I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.w - Rapidly progressive ILD/pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich syndrome) I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.d III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.d - Alveolar hemorrhage, diffuse (ANCA-positive/-related) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (May commpany ILDs) V.d V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.d - Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus) IX.q IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.q - Obstructive sleep apnea IX.t IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.t - CNS involvement/dysfunction/damage X.b X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.b - Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd) X.e X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.e - Autoimmunity-Autoimmune conditions (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.j X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.j - Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis (see also under Xba) X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic) X.m X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.m - Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative) X.p X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.p - Serum sickness-like reaction X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive X.x X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.x - Subclinical ANCA positivity X.ae X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ae - Antisynthetase antibodies (ASA) - ASA syndrome XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XV.ba XV - Pathology
XV.ba - Path: Granulomatous lymphadenopathy XV.cs XV - Pathology
XV.cs - Path: Pleural granulomas XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.d XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.d - Pneumocystis jiroveci pulmonary colonization XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.f XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.f - Tuberculosis, miliary XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo XVII.h XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.h - Nontuberculous pulmonary mycobacterial infection/superinfection XVII.m XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.m - Fungal airway infection XVII.n XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.n - Legionella pneumophila pneumonia XVII.q XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.q - Viral pneumonia XVII.r XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.r - Fungal infection (pulmonary/extrapulmonary) XVII.v XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.v - Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection (w/wo DAH) XVII.y XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.y - Cryptococcus pulmonary and/or systemic infection XVII.z XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.z - Histoplamosis (reactivation) XVII.ab XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.ab - Protozoan infection (incl. leishmaniasis) XVII.ak XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.ak - Mycobacterium leprae infection (Leprosy)
1
Tamoxifen
I.b
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism
1
Tear gas
II.a
II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VIII.e VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.e - Laryngospasm (a.k.a. laryngismus) XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma VIII.e VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.e - Laryngospasm (a.k.a. laryngismus) XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction
1
Teniposide
I.l
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL)
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL)
1
Tetracycline
I.c
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.aa IV - Airway involvement
IV.aa - Occupational asthma X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd)
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.aa IV - Airway involvement
IV.aa - Occupational asthma X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd)
1
Timolol
I.b
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) V.d V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.d - Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus) IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis)
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) V.d V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.d - Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus) IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis)
1
Tobacco smoke - Cigarette smoking
I.c
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.h I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.h - Subclinical pulmonary infiltrates/ILD I.j I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.j - Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (subacute, acute) I.r I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.r - An imaging pattern consistent with DIP I.ai I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.ai - Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema syndrome (CPFE) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) IV.g IV - Airway involvement
IV.g - Cough syncope IV.n IV - Airway involvement
IV.n - Obstructive airway dysfunction (see also IVc, XVx) IV.u IV - Airway involvement
IV.u - Endobronchial (eosinophilic) nodules on bronchoscopy IV.ad IV - Airway involvement
IV.ad - Large airway inflammation - Tracheitis (w/wo tissue eosinophilia) IX.q IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.q - Obstructive sleep apnea X.m X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.m - Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative) X.x X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.x - Subclinical ANCA positivity X.ac X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ac - Anti-GBM antibody disease (Goodpasture-like or flare of preexisting GS) X.ah X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ah - Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (typically ANCA pos.) - GPA flare XI.m XI - Miscellaneous
XI.m - Pulmonary emphysema - Lung cysts or bullae XI.ag XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ag - Vertebral compression fracture XI.ah XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ah - Fainting XI.an XI - Miscellaneous
XI.an - Disrupted lung surfactant function XIII.a XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.a - Lung cancer XIV.c XIV - Hemoglobinopathies - Abnormal hemoglobin states (acquired)
XIV.c - Carboxyhemoglobinemia XV.k XV - Pathology
XV.k - Path: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP-pattern) XV.y XV - Pathology
XV.y - Path: Respiratory bronchiolitis (w/wo the RB-ILD-pattern) XV.z XV - Pathology
XV.z - Path: Obliterative (constrictive) bronchiolitis (see also IVc, IVn) XV.ay XV - Pathology
XV.ay - Path: Smoking-related interstitial fibrosis (SRIF). Respiratory bronchiolitis with fibrosis XV.bw XV - Pathology
XV.bw - Path: Airspace enlargement with fibrosis XVI.g XVI - Imaging
XVI.g - Imaging: Diffuse whiteout/alveolar shadowing (see also under IIb-ARDS) XVI.p XVI - Imaging
XVI.p - Imaging: Small irregular opacities - ILA - Diffuse reticulation - 'Dirty lung' XVI.ac XVI - Imaging
XVI.ac - Imaging: A generalized increase in lung density XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.h I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.h - Subclinical pulmonary infiltrates/ILD I.j I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.j - Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (subacute, acute) I.r I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.r - An imaging pattern consistent with DIP I.ai I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.ai - Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema syndrome (CPFE) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) IV.g IV - Airway involvement
IV.g - Cough syncope IV.n IV - Airway involvement
IV.n - Obstructive airway dysfunction (see also IVc, XVx) IV.u IV - Airway involvement
IV.u - Endobronchial (eosinophilic) nodules on bronchoscopy IV.ad IV - Airway involvement
IV.ad - Large airway inflammation - Tracheitis (w/wo tissue eosinophilia) IX.q IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.q - Obstructive sleep apnea X.m X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.m - Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative) X.x X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.x - Subclinical ANCA positivity X.ac X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ac - Anti-GBM antibody disease (Goodpasture-like or flare of preexisting GS) X.ah X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ah - Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (typically ANCA pos.) - GPA flare XI.m XI - Miscellaneous
XI.m - Pulmonary emphysema - Lung cysts or bullae XI.ag XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ag - Vertebral compression fracture XI.ah XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ah - Fainting XI.an XI - Miscellaneous
XI.an - Disrupted lung surfactant function XIII.a XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.a - Lung cancer XIV.c XIV - Hemoglobinopathies - Abnormal hemoglobin states (acquired)
XIV.c - Carboxyhemoglobinemia XV.k XV - Pathology
XV.k - Path: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP-pattern) XV.y XV - Pathology
XV.y - Path: Respiratory bronchiolitis (w/wo the RB-ILD-pattern) XV.z XV - Pathology
XV.z - Path: Obliterative (constrictive) bronchiolitis (see also IVc, IVn) XV.ay XV - Pathology
XV.ay - Path: Smoking-related interstitial fibrosis (SRIF). Respiratory bronchiolitis with fibrosis XV.bw XV - Pathology
XV.bw - Path: Airspace enlargement with fibrosis XVI.g XVI - Imaging
XVI.g - Imaging: Diffuse whiteout/alveolar shadowing (see also under IIb-ARDS) XVI.p XVI - Imaging
XVI.p - Imaging: Small irregular opacities - ILA - Diffuse reticulation - 'Dirty lung' XVI.ac XVI - Imaging
XVI.ac - Imaging: A generalized increase in lung density XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia
3