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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website

Philippe Camus, M.D.

Dijon, France

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Cannabinoids - Cannabinoid receptor agonists (synthetic) (K2, Spice)

5

IX.d Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis)

1
Last update : 24/11/2013
 
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
More detailed checklist
See also under
Abused drugs/substances (illicit-, street drugs - IV/inhaled)
5
Adulterants, contaminants, cutting agents
4
Anticoagulants, oral (vitamin K antagonists-VKA)
5
Brodifacoum
4
Herbals (fumigated, inhaled)
1
Marijuana, cannabis (haschish, hash, bang, dab)
5
Opiates - Opioids - Opium
5
Opioids (synthetic)
5
Rodenticides
4

Publications

Respiratory failure in confirmed synthetic cannabinoid overdose.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2022 Apr;60;524-526 2022 Apr
Synthetic cannabinoid induced acute respiratory depression: Case series and literature review.
Respiratory medicine case reports 2017;22;137-141 2017
Clinical toxicity following analytically confirmed use of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist MDMB-CHMICA. A report from the Identification Of Novel psychoActive substances (IONA) study.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2016 Sep;54;638-43 2016 Sep
Synthetic cannabis and respiratory depression.
Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology 2012 Dec;22;459-62 2012 Dec

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