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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website

Philippe Camus, M.D.

Dijon, France

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Levamisole-adulterated/tainted cocaine

5

XV.aw Path: Skin vasculopathy/vasculitis/fibrin thrombi

3
Last update : 30/11/2013
 
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
More detailed checklist
See also under
Abused drugs/substances (illicit-, street drugs - IV/inhaled)
5
Aminorex
5
Cocaine
5
Crack cocaine
5
Levamisole
4

Publications

Cocaine and Levamisole Induced Vasculitis.
Cureus 2021 Aug;13;e17192 2021 Aug
Cocaine induced pleural and pericardial effusion syndrome.
Case reports in pulmonology 2015;2015;321539 2015
Clinical, histopathologic, and immunofluorescence findings in levamisole/cocaine-induced thrombotic vasculitis.
International journal of dermatology 2014 May;53;635-7 2014 May
Cocaine-associated retiform purpura: a C5b-9-mediated microangiopathy syndrome associated with enhanced apoptosis and high levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression.
The American Journal of dermatopathology 2013 Oct;35;722-30 2013 Oct
Photoletter to the editor: Diffuse cocaine-related purpura.
Journal of dermatological case reports 2013;7;132-3 2013
Levamisole-adulterated cocaine: a case series.
Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM 2012;25;531-5 2012
Levamisole induced necrosis of the skin and neutropenia following intranasal cocaine use: a newly recognized syndrome.
Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD 2011 Oct;10;1204-7 2011 Oct
Levamisole-induced thrombosis: literature review and pertinent laboratory findings.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2011 Oct;65;e128-e129 2011 Oct

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