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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website

Philippe Camus, M.D.

Dijon, France

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Inhalants (volatile substances)

5

XI.s Sniffing death - Death from inhalation of compound

4
Last update : 22/05/2024
 
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Identify causative drugs
Diagnosing DIRD
1
Drug and radiation history
2
Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug
3
Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms
4
Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug
5
Careful exlusion of another cause
6
Remission of symptoms with removal of drug
7
Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)
8
Causality assessment
More detailed checklist
See also under
Abused drugs/substances (illicit-, street drugs - IV/inhaled)
5
Amyl-nitrite, butyl-nitrite, isobutyl-nitrite ('Poppers')
4
Barotrauma
5
Chemicals
5
Cocaine
5
Cocaine, levamisole-tainted
5
Crack cocaine
5
Glue sniffing
3
Hydrocarbons (oil or oils). Inhaled-Aspirated
5
Hydrocarbons (petrochemicals: petroleum, petrolatum, paraffin, vaseline, naphta, jet fuel (kerosene), Diesel, gasoil), ointments, salad oil, variegated oils, butter). Aspirated
5
Inhaled anesthetic agents
3
Nitric oxide (NO)
4
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
1

Publications

Sudden death due to butane abuse - An overview.
Journal of forensic and legal medicine 2024 Apr;103;102662 2024 Apr
Death due to acute tetrachloroethylene intoxication in a chronic abuser.
International journal of legal medicine 2015 May;129;487-93 2015 May
Asphyxial suicide by inhalation of chloroform inside a plastic bag.
Journal of forensic and legal medicine 2014 Jan;21;1-4 2014 Jan
Huffing air conditioner fluid: a cool way to die?
The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology 2012 Mar;33;64-7 2012 Mar
Inhalant deaths in South Australia: a 20-year retrospective autopsy study.
The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology 2007 Dec;28;319-22 2007 Dec
Accidental autoerotic death by volatile substance abuse or nonsexually motivated accidents?
The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology 2006 Jun;27;188-92 2006 Jun
An unusual autoerotic fatality associated with chloroform inhalation.
Journal of analytical toxicology 2006 Apr;30;216-8 2006 Apr
Tetrachloroethylene intoxication in an autoerotic fatality.
Journal of forensic sciences 1998 Jan;43;231-4 1998 Jan
A whiff of death: fatal volatile solvent inhalation abuse.
Southern medical journal 1996 Sep;89;879-84 1996 Sep
Autoerotic asphyxial deaths: analysis of nineteen fatalities in Alberta, 1978 to 1989.
Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie 1994 Apr;39;157-60 1994 Apr
Glue sniffing: report of a fatal case.
Canadian Medical Association journal 1971 Feb 20;104;315-9 1971 Feb 20

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